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Fig. 1 | Radiation Oncology

Fig. 1

From: Dynamics in the expression of programmed death ligand 1 and cluster of differentiation 163 in the tumor microenvironment of uterine cervical cancer: a single-center retrospective study

Fig. 1

Immune-mediated radioresistant mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment and related molecules. Black arrows depict the immune responses involved in radioresistance that have been identified so far. Radiotherapy for cervical cancer involves external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy, although little is known about the effects of the different doses per fraction and irradiation schedules of these two treatment modalities on tumor immunity (blue arrow). EBRT external beam radiotherapy, TME tumor microenvironment, DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, CD cluster of differentiation, PD-L1 programmed death ligand 1, PD-1 programmed death 1, FoxP3 forkhead boxprotein P3, HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, IL interleukin, TGF-β transforming growth factor-β

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Radiation Oncology

ISSN: 1748-717X

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