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Table 2 Patient characteristics and Fisher’s exact test results for the identification of risk factors for retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis

From: Prevalence and risk factors for retropharyngeal and retro-styloid lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Variables

Total cohort (Column %)

RPLN positive (Column %)

RPLN negative (Column %)

p-value

n = 155

n = 20

n = 135

Smoking status

    

Never

13 (8)

2 (10)

11 (8)

0.877

Former

79 (51)

10 (50)

69 (51)

 

Current

63 (41)

8 (40)

55 (41)

 

Tumor site

    

Pyriform sinus

110 (71)

10 (50)

100 (74)

0.006

Postcricoid region

17 (11)

1 (5)

16 (12)

 

Posterior wall

28 (18)

9 (45)

19 (14)

 

T category

    

T1

17 (11)

0 (0)

17 (13)

0.049

T2

70 (45)

6 (30)

64 (47)

 

T3

39 (25)

9 (45)

30 (22)

 

T4

29 (19)

5 (25)

24 (18)

 

Histological grade

    

Well

27 (17)

1 (5)

26 (19)

0.065

Moderate

79 (51)

16 (80)

63 (47)

 

Poor

22 (14)

1 (5)

21 (16)

 

Not graded

27 (17)

2 (10)

25 (19)

 

Cervical LNM

    

No

56 (36)

2 (10)

54 (40)

< 0.001

Ipsilateral single

12 (8)

0 (0)

12 (9)

 

Ipsilateral multiple

60 (39)

8 (40)

52 (39)

 

Bilateral or contralateral

27 (17)

10 (50)

17 (13)

 

Largest ipsilateral LN

    

< 20 mm

107 (69)

10 (50)

97 (72)

0.112

20 to < 30 mm

28 (18)

6 (30)

22 (16)

 

≥30 mm

20 (13)

4 (20)

16 (12)

 
  1. RPLN: retropharyngeal lymph node; LNM: lymph node metastasis; LN: lymph node