Fig. 2

differences in anatomy explain the large variability of testicular dose: illustration with three sole-prostate Volumetric Modulated Arc-Therapy (VMAT) plans (no pelvic node irradiation). a Normal anatomy, testicle relatively low. Distance testicle – prostate 80 mm. Testicular dose: 0.06 Gy. b Normal anatomy, testicle relatively high. Distance testicle – prostate 18 mm. Testicular dose: 1.88 Gy. c Testicle inside the inguinal canal, that receives high dose from prostate irradiation (average testicular dose 7.85 Gy, max dose over 20 Gy)